When all these regional wars of
independence failed, Indonesian nationalists began thinking of a
more-organized struggle against Dutch colonialism. The move began
with the founding of Boedi Oetomo, literally meaning "noble
conduct," on May 20, 1908. This organization of Indonesian
intellectuals was initially set up for educational purposes but
later turned into politics. It was inspired by Japan's victory over
Russia in 1901, which also gave impetus to nationalist movements in
many parts of Indonesia. The founder of Boedi Oetomo was Dr. Soetomo
who was, at the time, a student of STOVIA, an institution to train
Indonesian medi-cal officers. Dr. Soetomo was greatly influenced by
Dr. Wahidin Soedirohoesodo and sup-ported by Gunawan and Suradji.
In 1912 Sarekat Dagang Islam, the
Association of Moslem Merchants, was formed by Haji Samanhudi and
others. Its objective was at first to stimulate and promote the
interest of Indonesian business in the Dutch East Indies. However,
in 1912 this organization of middle class businessmen turned into a
political party and was renamed Sarekat Islam under the leadership
of H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto, Haji Agoes Salim and others.
In 1912 a progressive Moslem
organization, Muhammadiyah, was established by K.H. Akhmad Dahlan in
Yogyakarta for the purpose of social and economic reforms.
In December of the same year Partai
Indonesia was founded by Douwes Dekker, later named Setiabudi, with
Dr. Tjipto Mangunkusumo and Ki Hajar Dewantoro. The objective of the
party was to strive for complete independence of Indonesia. All
three leaders of the party were exiled by the colonial government in
1913.
In 1914 communism was introduced in
the East Indies by three Dutch nationals-Sneevliet, Baars and
Brandsteder.
In May 1920 Sarikat Islam split into
a right and a left wing, the latter was to become the Partai Komunis
Indonesia (PKI, the Indonesian Communist Party) under the leadership
of Semaun, Darsono, Alimin, Muso and others.
independence failed, Indonesian nationalists began thinking of a
more-organized struggle against Dutch colonialism. The move began
with the founding of Boedi Oetomo, literally meaning "noble
conduct," on May 20, 1908. This organization of Indonesian
intellectuals was initially set up for educational purposes but
later turned into politics. It was inspired by Japan's victory over
Russia in 1901, which also gave impetus to nationalist movements in
many parts of Indonesia. The founder of Boedi Oetomo was Dr. Soetomo
who was, at the time, a student of STOVIA, an institution to train
Indonesian medi-cal officers. Dr. Soetomo was greatly influenced by
Dr. Wahidin Soedirohoesodo and sup-ported by Gunawan and Suradji.
In 1912 Sarekat Dagang Islam, the
Association of Moslem Merchants, was formed by Haji Samanhudi and
others. Its objective was at first to stimulate and promote the
interest of Indonesian business in the Dutch East Indies. However,
in 1912 this organization of middle class businessmen turned into a
political party and was renamed Sarekat Islam under the leadership
of H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto, Haji Agoes Salim and others.
In 1912 a progressive Moslem
organization, Muhammadiyah, was established by K.H. Akhmad Dahlan in
Yogyakarta for the purpose of social and economic reforms.
In December of the same year Partai
Indonesia was founded by Douwes Dekker, later named Setiabudi, with
Dr. Tjipto Mangunkusumo and Ki Hajar Dewantoro. The objective of the
party was to strive for complete independence of Indonesia. All
three leaders of the party were exiled by the colonial government in
1913.
In 1914 communism was introduced in
the East Indies by three Dutch nationals-Sneevliet, Baars and
Brandsteder.
In May 1920 Sarikat Islam split into
a right and a left wing, the latter was to become the Partai Komunis
Indonesia (PKI, the Indonesian Communist Party) under the leadership
of Semaun, Darsono, Alimin, Muso and others.
NATIONALIST MOVEMENTS
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5
Oleh
Unknown
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