Moslem merchants from Gujarat and
Persia began visiting Indonesia in the 13th Century and established
trade links between this country and India and Persia. Along with
trade, they propagated Islam among the Indonesian people,
particularly along the coastal areas of Java, like Demak. At a later
stage they even influenced and converted Hindu kings to Islam, the
first being the Sultan of Demak. This Moslem Sultan later spread
Islam westwards to Cirebon and Banten, and eastward along the
northern coast of Java to the kingdom of Gresik. In the end, he
brought the downfall of the powerful kingdom of Majapahit
(1293-1520).
After the fall of Majapahit, Islam
spread further east to where the sultanates of Bone and Goa in
Sulawesi were established. Also under the influence of Islam, were
the sultanates of Ternate and Tidore in Maluku.
North of Java, the religion spread to
Banjarmasin in Borneo and further west to Sumatra, where Palembang,
Minangkabau (West Sumatra), Pasai and Perlak were converted.
Meanwhile, descendants of the
Majapahit aristocracy, religious scholars and Hindu Ksatriyas
retreated through the East Java peninsula of Blambangan to the
island of Bali and Lombok. In a later period, however, the eastern
part of Lombok was converted to Islam, which entered the island from
the southern Sulawesi city of Makassar, now named Ujungpandang.
The capital of the West Java Kingdom
of Pajajaran was Sunda Kelapa (1300 AD). It was located in the
present capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta. In 1527 Sunda Kelapa was
conquered by Falatehan, an Islamic troop commander of the sultanate
of Demak. After his conquest the city was renamed Jaya Karta,
meaning "the great city," this was the origin of the
present name, Jakarta. Falatehan also defeated the Portuguese, who
had also tried to seize the city.
Persia began visiting Indonesia in the 13th Century and established
trade links between this country and India and Persia. Along with
trade, they propagated Islam among the Indonesian people,
particularly along the coastal areas of Java, like Demak. At a later
stage they even influenced and converted Hindu kings to Islam, the
first being the Sultan of Demak. This Moslem Sultan later spread
Islam westwards to Cirebon and Banten, and eastward along the
northern coast of Java to the kingdom of Gresik. In the end, he
brought the downfall of the powerful kingdom of Majapahit
(1293-1520).
After the fall of Majapahit, Islam
spread further east to where the sultanates of Bone and Goa in
Sulawesi were established. Also under the influence of Islam, were
the sultanates of Ternate and Tidore in Maluku.
North of Java, the religion spread to
Banjarmasin in Borneo and further west to Sumatra, where Palembang,
Minangkabau (West Sumatra), Pasai and Perlak were converted.
Meanwhile, descendants of the
Majapahit aristocracy, religious scholars and Hindu Ksatriyas
retreated through the East Java peninsula of Blambangan to the
island of Bali and Lombok. In a later period, however, the eastern
part of Lombok was converted to Islam, which entered the island from
the southern Sulawesi city of Makassar, now named Ujungpandang.
The capital of the West Java Kingdom
of Pajajaran was Sunda Kelapa (1300 AD). It was located in the
present capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta. In 1527 Sunda Kelapa was
conquered by Falatehan, an Islamic troop commander of the sultanate
of Demak. After his conquest the city was renamed Jaya Karta,
meaning "the great city," this was the origin of the
present name, Jakarta. Falatehan also defeated the Portuguese, who
had also tried to seize the city.
THE PERIOD OF ISLAMIC KINGDOMS
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Oleh
Unknown
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